How is the CO₂ laser used for resurfacing?

Historically, the ultrapulsed CO₂ laser effectively removed the top layers of the epidermis and caused collagen contraction in the superficial dermis. This combination of effects allows the treatment of moderate facial wrinkles and sun damage. This procedure is seldom used at this time because of very prolonged healing and many side effects.

At this point, most CO₂ laser resurfacing is performed using fractional laser devices that dramatically reduce the healing time and side effects.