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Mycobacterial Infections

»	What is the classification system of mycobacteria?
»	What are the staining characteristics of mycobacteria?
»	How many species of Mycobacterium cause infection in human beings?
»	Name three mycobacteria in the tuberculosis complex responsible for tuberculosis.
»	What is tuberculosis?
»	What is the difference between a primary and secondary infection?
»	Explain the route of infection in cutaneous tuberculosis.
»	Who is at risk of acquiring tuberculosis?
»	Describe the histopathologic hallmark of tuberculosis.
»	How can one acquire primary cutaneous tuberculosis?
»	Describe the clinical manifestation of primary-inoculation cutaneous tuberculosis.
»	What are the different types of cutaneous tuberculosis?
»	What laboratory tests are used to diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
»	Is lupus vulgaris related to lupus erythematosus or lupus pernio?
»	Describe the clinical manifestations of lupus vulgaris.
»	Where and when does lupus vulgaris develop?
»	What is scrofuloderma?
»	Name the vaccination against tuberculosis. What type of vaccination is it?
»	What drugs are used in the treatment of tuberculosis?
»	What are the major side effects of antituberculous agents?
»	What factors have led to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis?
»	Are there any special treatment considerations for cutaneous tuberculosis?
»	What is the mechanism of action of TNF-a in tuberculosis?
»	Describe the pathogenesis of the atypical mycobacteria.
»	Describe the pathogenesis of the atypical mycobacteria.
»	What is a “swimming pool granuloma”?
»	What is a Buruli ulcer?
»	Describe the clinical manifestations of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) in both non-AIDS and AIDS patients.
»	Which atypical mycobacteria are associated with mesotherapy?
»	Which atypical mycobacteria are associated with tattoos?
»	Which atypical mycobacteria have been associated with soft tissue fillers?
»	How are infections with rapidly growing mycobacteria managed?
»	What are some of the key features of Mycobacterium kansasii?

Are there any special treatment considerations for cutaneous tuberculosis?

Treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis is the same as for systemic tuberculosis and consists of effective chemotherapeutic agents. Small lesions of lupus vulgaris or tuberculosis verrucosa cutis may be excised, but the treatment must also include standard antituberculous therapy. Surgical drainage of scrofuloderma may shorten the treatment course, and surgical intervention is necessary in any draining lesion.