AntimalarialsHydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)- Most likely intercalates into DNA, preventing further translation/transcription; immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory effect
- Treatment for DLE, SLE, dermatomyositis, photosensitivity dermatoses (i.e., polymorphous light eruption), sarcoidosis, granuloma annulare, porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT)
- SE: accumulates in melanin-rich tissue (i.e., choroid); ocular toxicity can manifest as retinopathy (potentially irreversible), mucocutaneous and nail blue-gray pigmentation (hemosiderin and melanin deposition), hemolysis (mainly in G6PD deficiency), bleaching of hair roots, alopecia
- Premaculopathy (changes in visual field) is reversible; true retinopathy with bull’s eye pigment deposition is not reversible
- Do not give both choroquine and hydroxychloroquine because additive retinotoxic effect (add quinacrine instead)
- Pregnancy category C
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