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Cutaneous Manifestations of Aids

»	How significant is the occurrence of skin disease in the setting of HIV infection?
»	Outline the clinical spectrum of cutaneous disease associated with HIV infection.
»	What are the most common dermatoses associated with HIV infection?
»	Can mucocutaneous changes occur as a result of primary HIV infection?
»	What is the most common bacterial pathogen in HIV disease? How does it manifest itself?
»	What is the most common cutaneous malignancy in HIV disease?
»	What are the cutaneous clinical features of epidemic Kaposi’s sarcoma?
»	How is Kaposi’s sarcoma treated?
»	Is the course of syphilis altered in HIV-infected individuals?
»	How does syphilis increase the risk for HIV infection?
»	What is oral hairy leukoplakia?
»	Name the four types of oropharyngeal candidiasis that can be seen in HIV disease.
»	What is HIV-associated eosinophilic folliculitis?
»	Is the incidence of drug eruptions increased in HIV disease?
»	Describe clinical features of molluscum contagiosum infection in the HIV-infected host.
»	How is molluscum contagiosum treated?
»	Is the prevalence of common and genital warts increased in HIV infection?
»	What causes bacillary angiomatosis?
»	How does varicella-zoster virus infection present in the HIV-positive patient?
»	Do any photosensitive dermatoses occur in HIV disease?
»	What is known about granuloma annulare in the setting of HIV infection?
»	Describe some of the potential cutaneous side effects of antiretroviral therapy.
»	What is the immune restoration syndrome?

What is the most common cutaneous malignancy in HIV disease?

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) or, more specifically, epidemic Kaposi’s sarcoma. In the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, the risk for KS and non–Hodgkin’s lymphoma continued to be at least 20-fold higher among HAART-treated individuals compared with that of the general population. Most cases occurred in homosexual or bisexual men with HIV disease. However, KS has also been reported in HIV-negative homosexual males. Human herpesvirus–8 is associated with epidemic as well as other types of KS.

Chang Y, Cesarman E, Pessin MS, et al: Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma, Science 266:1865–1869, 1994.

Clifford GM, Polesel J, Richenbach M, et al: Cancer risk in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study: associations with immunodeficiency, smoking, and highly active antiretroviral therapy, J Natl Cancer Inst 97:425–432, 2005.

Schwartz RA, Micali G, Nasca MR, et al: Kaposi sarcoma: a continuing conundrum, J Am Acad Dermatol 59:179–206, 2008.