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Psychocutaneous Diseases

»How do the fields of psychiatry and dermatology overlap?
»What types of psychocutaneous disease are encountered in dermatology?
»How often do patients with dermatologic disorders have associated psychologic morbidity?
»What is the differential diagnosis of patients who complain that they are infested with parasites?
»Define obsession or compulsion, phobia, delusion, and hallucination.
»What is “delusions of parasitosis”?
»How do you diagnose this disorder?
»How do you treat this problem?
»What are the major side effects of pimozide?
»What if the patient is noncompliant with pimozide treatment?
»What is Ekbom syndrome?
»What is dysmorphophobia?
»Name the three major categories of self-inflicted skin lesions. What differentiates them?
»What are the clinical manifestations of dermatitis artefacta?
»How should patients with dermatitis artefacta be treated?
»What is the Gardner-Diamond syndrome?
»How do Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen syndrome by proxy differ?
»What is the differential diagnosis of patchy nonscarring alopecia?
»What is the psychiatric diagnosis associated with trichotillomania?
»How do you differentiate among the different forms of nonscarring alopecia?
»Can a biopsy help in the differential diagnosis of patchy nonscarring alopecia?
»What is trichotemnomania?
»What are neurotic excoriations?
»How do you treat this disorder?
»What are the side effects of fluoxetine?
»What is glossodynia?
»Name some primary dermatologic disorders that might result in secondary psychiatric problems. What sorts of problems might these patients have?
»Can stress exacerbate a primary dermatologic disorder?

 
 
 

How do you treat this problem?

Delusions, like hallucinations, are psychotic symptoms that are theorized to result from increased levels of dopamine in parts of the brain. Patients with delusions of parasitosis have been shown to respond to neuroleptics; in particular, the dopamine antagonist pimozide (Orap) is, historically, the commonly used treatment. However, more recent anecdotal success has been reported with other agents having fewer side effects, including risperidone, olanzapine, and escitalopram. Although, large, well-controlled, randomized trials comparing the efficacy of these drugs are lacking, these drugs are now probably the drugs of choice.

Fellner MJ, Majeed MH: Tales of bugs, delusions of parasitosis, and what to do, Clin Dermatol 27:135–136, 2009.