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Diagnostic Techniques

» What is the most sensitive office laboratory test for diagnosing dermatophyte infections of the skin?
» How is a KOH examination performed?
» What laboratory tests are useful for diagnosing tinea capitis?
» What is a Wood’s light or lamp? How is it useful in skin diseases?
» Name common culture media used for isolating dermatophytes.
» Describe a simple test for tinea versicolor other than a KOH preparation.
» What is a Tzanck preparation or smear?
» What is the best method of diagnosing scabies?
» How do you diagnose mite bites acquired from an animal?
» How do you diagnose lice infestation?
» What is the diagnostic test of choice for a patient presenting with a suspected syphilitic chancre on his penis?
» How is secondary syphilis diagnosed?
» How long do serologic tests for syphilis remain positive?
» In patients with symptomatic gonococcal urethritis, how efficacious is a Gram stain of the exudate in comparison to a culture utilizing selective media for gonococcus?
» What is the best way to diagnose allergic contact dermatitis?
» How are patch tests applied?
» In what diseases is a skin biopsy helpful?
» When are shave biopsies indicated?
» What are the indications for punch biopsies?
» Describe the indications for an excisional or incisional biopsy.
» Define and describe direct immunofluorescence of the skin.
» Name some skin diseases in which DIF is helpful in making a diagnosis.
» How does indirect immunofluorescence of the skin differ from direct immunofluorescence of the skin?
» Is ELISA ever used for the diagnosis of immunobullous disease?
» How are bacterial skin cultures performed, and when are they useful?

 
 
 

In what diseases is a skin biopsy helpful?

A skin biopsy with routine hematoxylin-eosin staining is the best diagnostic technique for many cutaneous neoplasms that cannot be diagnosed visually. It is also helpful in many inflammatory skin disorders, especially those in which a specific diagnosis cannot be made from clinical examination, blood tests, or scrapings of the skin. The skin biopsy is  a common office procedure, and specimens may also be submitted for more advanced studies such as immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, special stains, cultures, or polymerase chain reaction studies.